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The CMOS Image Sensor

The CMOS image sensor is a mainstream imaging technology that has been used in many applications, such as smart phone cameras, digital still video cameras, security cameras, and automotive cameras, to name a few. In the 2000s, CMOS image sensors became more popular than CCD image sensors, thanks to their low-power nature and the rapid growth of the mobile phone market. CMOS image sensors are capable not only of image acquisition, but also signal processing functions. This is achieved by implementing a digital timing generator, analog signal processing circuits, analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), digital signal processing circuits and output interfaces, in addition to the pixel array and the row/column scanning circuits, making it a highly reliable digitally controlled imaging device.